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Programming Languages

These are the active languages I have found so far. They are divided into ones that run on Windows all by themselves, and ones that need some UNIX emulation environment. Below them are links to recommended websites with additional useful info.

Key:
Open source means that at least one implementation listed provides full source code.
Licenses: U = unknown, PD = public domain, GPL = Gnu Public License, AL = Artistic License, APL = Apple Public License,
BSD = BSD-style license, LGPL = Lesser GPL, NCL = non-commercial use only, MPL = Mozilla Public License, SCSL = Sun Community Source License.

Languages that run natively on MS Windows

Languageobject-oriented?Type of LanguageCompiled/Interpreted Open Source?License
ABCnoproceduralinterpretedyes U
APL/Jno proceduralinterpretedno A+ is GPL
Assemblerno proceduralcompiledyes U
BASICno procedural both yes GPL or LGPL
BETAYESprocedural/functionalcompiled yes U
Cnoproceduralboth yes U
C++YESprocedural compiled yes U
Cleannofunctional compiledyes LGPL, commercial
DYESprocedural compiledno U
Eiffel noprocedural compiledyes NCL
Erlangnofunctional/concurrentcompiled partial PD, other
Euphorianoproceduralinterpreted yes MPL
Forthno procedural interpreted yes GPL, PD
GroovyYES procedural compiled yes BSD, Apache
Haskellno functional both yesU
ICI no procedural interpreted no PD
Iconno proceduralinterpreted yes U
JavaYESprocedural compiled no SCSL
Javascriptno procedural compiled? no U
(Common) Lispno procedural interpreted yes U
Logono proceduralinterpreted no U
Luano proceduralcompiled yes MIT
ML/Caml/Standard MLYES(OCaml)functional compiled yes GPL ?
ModulaYESprocedural interpreted yes DEC
Mozart/OzYES concurrent compiledyes U
NiceYES procedural compiledyes GPL
OberonYES procedural compiled yes U
ObjectscriptYES procedural compiled yes LGPL
Pascalno proceduralcompiled yes LGPL
Perlnoproceduralinterpreted/ compiled yes AL
PHPYES proceduralinterpreted yes BSD/PHP
PikeYES proceduralcompiled yes GPL, MPL
Pliantno proceduralcompiled yesGPL
Pop-11no procedural interpreted yes OSL
Prologno logical both yes LGPL or GPL
Pythonno procedural interpreted yes GPL
REXX/Reginano procedural interpreted yes GPL ?
RubyYESproceduralinterpreted yes GPL/Ruby
Scheme/Guileno functional compiled yes GPL
SmalltalkYESproceduralinterpreted yes GPL/other
SQLno functional interpreted yes IPL
Tcl/Tkcan beproceduralinterpreted/compiled yes BSD
Yorick noproceduralinterpreted no U

Languages that require a UNIX environment (Cygwin or UWIN) to run

Languageobject-oriented?Type of LanguageCompiled/InterpretedOpen Source?License
AWKno proceduralinterpretedyes GPL
Fortranno procedural compiled yes GPL
Mercuryno logical compiled yes GPL
Objective CYESproceduralcompiled yes APL ?
QYES functional interpretedyes GPL
SR/MPD no procedural compiled no U
TeXno proceduralinterpreted yes LPPL

Click here to go to my "Dormant Languages" page.


Further informational websites (overviews and quick tutorials):


Introduction to Programming Languages "A page for people who know one language and are wondering about learning another"
Wikipedia timeline of programming languages
Encyclopedia of Stupid Languages - Languages created mostly for amusement
The Retrocomputing Museum
Great Computer Language Shootout The original shootout, all free languages, on the UNIX/Linux platform
Great Win32 Computer Language Shootout (Not all the languages listed in this shootout are on my site, because not all are free)




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